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Published:
Journal of Analytical Toxicology,
ISSN 0146-4760,
Volume 32, Number 1, January/February,
pp.25-30
Retrospective Detection of Sulfur Mustard
Exposure by Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Adducts to Albumin
and Hemoglobin: An In Vivo Study
D. Noort, A. Fidder, C.E.A.M. Degenhardt-Langelaan, and A.G.
Hulst
TNO Defence, Security and Safety, P.O. Box 45, 2280 AA Rijswijk,
The Netherlands
The persistence in rats of sulfur mustard adducts
to albumin and hemoglobin was studied in vivo after exposure
(intravenously; 0.3 mg/kg; approximately 0.1 LD50) of rats to
sulfur mustard. The albumin adduct (S-HETE)Cys-Pro-Tyr was detectable
up to 7 days after the exposure, while the adduct to the N-terminal
valine in hemoglobin was still detected after 28 days. The decrease
in adduct levels corresponded well with the half-life time of
albumin in rats and with the lifetime of the rat erythrocyte.
Remarkably, the N-terminal valine adduct to hemoglobin increased
during the first three days, which implies that there is still
free sulfur mustard present during that time. In contrast, the
corresponding albumin adduct levels did not increase during this
time period. The free sulfur mustard might have accumulated in
the erythrocyte cell membrane.
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