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Published:
Journal of Analytical Toxicology,
ISSN 0146-4760,
Volume 30, Number 8, October 2006,
pp.519-523
The Determination of Morphine in the Larvae of Calliphora
stygia using Flow Injection Analysis and HPLC with Chemiluminescence Detection
Joshua A. Gunn[1], Cara Shelley[1], Simon W. Lewis[2], Tes Toop[1], and
Melanie Archer[3]
[1]School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds,
Victoria 3216, Australia;
[2]Department of Applied Chemistry, Curtin University of Technology, Perth,
Western Australia 6845, Australia; and
[3]Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh Street,
Southbank, Victoria 3006, Australia
Selective determination of morphine in the larvae of Calliphora
stygia (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) using acidic potassium permanganate
chemiluminescence detection coupled with flow injection analysis and high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. Larvae of C. stygia were reared on
minced meat substrates that had been spiked with varying concentrations of morphine.
Morphine concentrations were chosen to reflect typical levels in human tissues
from opiate overdose victims. After maturing on substrates, larvae were analyzed
for the presence of morphine using chemiluminescence detection coupled to flow
injection analysis and a rapid HPLC method. Analysis of the larval matrix by
flow injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection indicated the presence
of interferants capable of generating chemiluminescence. A rapid chromatographic
separation with a monolithic column allowed selective determination of morphine
in larvae using postcolumn chemiluminescence detection. Larvae of C. stygia
reared on substrates containing morphine at concentrations of 500 and 1000 ng/g
did not sequester morphine at detectable concentrations. Larvae reared on substrates
containing morphine concentrations of 2500, 5000, and 10,000 ng/g tested positive
for the drug at concentrations of 765, 2720, and 3010 ng/g, respectively.
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